Sweet onions contain more sugar and less sulfur than ordinary yellow onions. They also have a higher water content than regular onions, which further dilutes the sulphur. It is the acid in the sulphor that makes onions taste sharp and causes tears.
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Onions, garlic, and shallots are actually members of the same family.
ONIONSCOMMERCIAL BULB ONIONS
Red: Good for grilling.
White: Goes well with Mexican dishes.
Yellow: A favorite for French onion soup.SWEET ONIONS
Maui Sweet: Grown in volcanic soil in Hawaii. They are available in limited quantities in the West Coast and Hawaii. Usually available around mid-February to late November.
Italian Sweets: This flat shaped red onion is available from California from April through August.
Spanish Sweets: This yellow onion is available in medium to supercolossal sizes. It looks very similar to a regular storage onion.
Texas 1015: This variety was developed in the early1980's at Texas A&M University. The 1015 stands for the suggested planting date, October 15. Available from mid-April to late May or mid-June.
Vidalia: Developed in Georgia, it is one of the first sweet onions to be distributed nationally. It is named after a town in Georgia, and is grown only in specific counties. Peak supply from late April to late June. 
Walla Walla: The seed originated in Italy and was introduced to the Walla Walla Valley in the late 1800's. Available out of Washington and Oregon from mid-June through July.SPECIALTY/MISC.
Cippolini: This small, flat-shaped member of the onion family is originally from Italy. Its sweet flavor goes well with soups, stews, and casseroles.
Green Onion (Scallion): Green onions are harvested while the tops are still green, before the bulb gets a chance to grow.
Pearl Onions (Red ,Gold, White): These onions are available year-round, because they keep well in storage. They have a mild flavor and a crisp texture.
Red and White Pearl Onions with Tops
Spring Onions (Red, White): These are bulb onions that are left in the ground till they are full size. The result is an onion that is younger, sweeter, and milder in flavor.
Red Torpedo: There is nothing unique about its flavor, but its shape makes it easier to slice.
Shallot: This member of the onion family has a milder and more aromatic flavor than other onions.